宪兵乃一执法兵种，具有軍法及司法警察之多重身份，有军中警察之称、在我国称之为警备纠察。驻港部队不采用内地纠察制度而袭用宪兵名称。
国际上宪兵的主要职责有：警卫勤务（特种勤务、一般警卫）、警备治安、军纪维护、交通管制、军司法警察勤务、战地勤务。
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